Min Chulhong, Wooden Fruit Plate, 1964, Wood, 20x72.5x14.5cm. MMCA collection
Min Chulhong
* Source: MMCA
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Korean Handicraft Demonstration Center
An organization for the development of the craft industry that formed in 1956, with the support of the International Co-operation Administration (ICA) of the United States. The ICA was one of the programs launched in 1955 to support developing countries, and it aimed to improve and foster the craft industry of Korea. Smith, Scherr & McDermott Industrial Design, an American firm in Akron, Ohio, led the establishment of the center on the fourth floor of the Central Industry building in Taepyeong-ro. The primary activities of the center included the survey of handicrafts and light industry in Gyeongnam, Jeonbuk, and Jeonnam; the improvement of design in crafts such as woodworking, ceramics, and metalworking; the establishment of crafts departments in universities and industrial design courses; and on-site training. The center was transferred to the Seoul National University College of Fine Arts in 1960, and it closed in May 31, 1960, when the contract with the Korean government expired. The center was instrumental in implementing American design education and the concepts of industrial design in Korea.
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Korea Association of Industrial Designers
The Korea Association of Industrial Designers (Hanguk saneop dijaineo hyeophoe, KAID) is a private association and corporation founded in 1993 with the merger of three organizations involved in industrial design. These three organizations are the Korea Industrial Designers Association (INDDA) affiliated with the Korea Designer’s Council (Hanguk dijaineo hyeopuihoe, KDC) founded in May 1972 at the initiative of Park Daesun, a leading design educator; the Korean Industrial Designers Association (the Korean Society of Industrial Designers (KSID) at the time of its founding) established in June 1972 by Min Chulhong and eight other designers (Lee Sunhyeok, Bu Sueon, Kim Gilhong, An Jongmun, Bae Cheonbeom, Choe Daeseok, Kim Cheolsu, and Min Gyeongu); and the Korean Industrial Design Company Association (KIDCA) founded in 1991. They were merged in August 1993 and launched as the Korea Association of Industrial Designers (KAID). After the merger, An Jongmun became the interim president, and at the board meeting held in April 1994, Bu Sueon was elected as the first president. Shortly after its launch in 1993, the KAID joined the International Council of Societies of Industrial Designers (ICSID, currently World Design Organization, WDO). In 2001, it co-hosted the ICSID 2001 Seoul Congress with the Korea Institute of Design Promotion. In 1997, the KAID established the Korea Industrial Design Award and renamed it as the Pinup Design Award in 2008. In 1999, it formed the Asia Designers Assembly (ADA) together with the Japan Industrial Designer Association (JIDA) and the China Industrial Design Association (CIAD). The assembly continues to this day. In 2011, it launched the Korea Society of Industrial Design (KSID) in order to bridge the gap between the field and academia in the design world.
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College of Arts at Seoul National University
The College of Fine Arts of Seoul National University is located in Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul. According to the Decree on the Establishment of Seoul National University, the College of Art including the Department of Fine Arts and the Department of Music was founded in August 1946 at Seoul National University. The Department of Fine Arts consisted of sub-departments of Painting I, Painting II, Sculpture, and Design. It was organized by Chang Louis Pal and Lee Soonsuk. Chang Louis Pal had served as head of the Education and Management Bureau in the U.S. Army Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK) in Korea since December 1945. Lee Soonsuk assumed practical tasks as an advisor to the art section of the USAMGIK from 1946 when the Education and Management Bureau was changed to the Ministry of Culture and Education. In 1946, there were nine faculty members at the Department of Fine Arts in the College of Art: Chang Louis Pal, Kim Yongjun, Gil Jinseop, and Lee Jaehun as professors; Yun Seung-uk and Lee Soonsuk as associate professors; and Kim Whanki, Chang Woosoung, and Lee Byeonghyeon as assistant professors. However, after the incident of Korean students and professors’ protest against the U.S.’s attempt to merge several colleges and universities into a single university, Kim Yongjun, Gil Jinseop, and Kim Whanki resigned. In 1954, the College of Art was reorganized into the College of Fine Arts with three departments of painting, sculpture, and applied art. The Department of Aesthetics, which had temporarily belonged to the College of Fine Arts since 1948, was transferred to the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences in 1960. In 1963, according to the relocation plan of the Seoul National University main school building, the College of Fine Arts was moved to the former veterinary department building in Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu. In 1972, it was moved to the liberal arts department building in Hagye-dong, Seongbuk-gu, and then in 1976, to the current Gwanak campus. In 1981, the three departments of painting, sculpture, and applied art were reorganized into the five departments of Eastern painting, Western painting, sculpture, crafts, and industrial art. In 1989, the Department of Industrial Art was renamed the Department of Industrial Design, and in 1999, the Department of Crafts and the Department of Industrial Design were merged into the School of Design. Currently, the College of Fine Arts consists of the Department of Oriental Painting, Department of Painting, Department of Sculpture, Department of Craft, Department of Design, and Interdisciplinary Programs.
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Lee Soonsuk
Lee Soonsuk (1905-1986, pen name Hara) was a pioneer of Korean craft design. He attended the design and craft department at the Tokyo School of Fine Arts in 1926 and graduated in 1931. He hosted the first solo design exhibition in Korea. He served on the council at the cultural division under the U.S Military Government in 1946 and taught applied arts at the fine arts college of Seoul National University. He also contributed to Korean craft design at the National Art Exhibition (Gukjeon). In 1971, he served as an executive advisor at the Korea Design and Packaging Center (KDPC) and was elected as a member of the National Academy of Arts, Republic of Korea. Lee Soonsuk’s graduation period work was influenced by the flat surface planes of art nouveau and Bauhaus style. He later attempted to maintain and reinterpret traditional Korean craft techniques through his stone craftwork that dealt with a folk painting motif or natural objects.
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Korea Society of Visual Design
The Korea Society of Visual Design (Hanguk sigak dijain hyeophoe, KSVD) was a private association in the field of visual design that lasted from 1972 through 1993. The KSVD aimed to improve the quality of designers and contribute to the industrial development of the nation by performing activities for the enhancement of the Korean design industry. In addition, it tried to break away from the existing concepts of “design” and “applied art” and to specialize the visual design field with a modern design concept. Its eleven founding members were Kim Kyoman, Jo Yeongje, Yang Seungchun, Lee Taeyeong, Kim Youngki, Hong Jongil, An Jeongeon, Jeong Sihwa, Kwon Myungkwang, Ryu Jaeu, and Kwon Munung. The organization was founded in September 1972 as the Korea Society of Graphic Design (KSGD) but was renamed the Korea Society of Visual Design in 1977. After Kim Kyoman briefly served as the first president, Jo Yeongje became the second president in December 1972. Jo was followed by Yang Seungchun, Kwon Myeonggwang, Lee Taeyeong, Jeong Sihwa, and others. In 1983, due to conflicts over the management of the society, several members from Hongik University, including Kwon Myeonggwang, withdrew from the society. They formed the Korean Graphic Designers Association (KOGDA) in 1984. The KSVD’s activities centered on member exhibitions, and it held a total of seventeen exhibitions before it was disbanded. Other activities include the publication of collections of works, the holding of seminars and symposiums, and exchanges with overseas designers and design organizations. In February 1993, the general assembly voted to dissolve the KSVD and disbanded it “in order to welcome new generations by meeting domestic social and cultural changes and to positively and actively respond to international changes.”
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Cho Youngjae
Cho Youngjae (1935-2019) was a designer and educator who was a pioneer in all areas of graphic design, including corporate identity (CI) design. After graduating from the Applied Arts Department at Seoul National University in 1958, Cho worked at Hwasin Industry and Chohung Bank. He began teaching at his alma mater in 1963, and in 1964 he became a professor in the Living Art Department at Duksung Women’s University. In the following year, he worked again in the Applied Arts Department at Seoul National University. Cho took part in preparing the first Korea Commerce and Industry Art Exhibition (present-day Korea International Design Award) held in 1966. In September 1972, he founded the Korea Society of Graphic Design (KSGD) along with ten other artists including Kim Kyoman and Yang Seungchun and served as its chairman four times (2nd, 3rd, 6th, and 7th). This society was renamed the Korea Society of Visual Design (KSVD) in 1977 and was active until 1993. He also served as the first chairman of the Visual Information Design Association of Korea (VIDAK) established in 1994 and of the Korean Federation of Design Corporations (currently Korean Federation of Design Associations, KFDA) founded in 1995. In 1972, along with fellow professors Min Chulhong and Yang Seungchun, Cho expanded the product label design for OB beer into a corporate identity design project. Later, he developed corporate identities for the Cheil Jedang Corporation (1974), Cheil Industries Inc. (1975), and Shinsegae Department Store (1975) and served as a design advisor for Yonhap Communications, Cheil Worldwide, and Daewoo Electronics. In 1974, he established Cho Design and Research (CDR; currently, CDR Associates), a company specializing in identity design. Kim Seongcheon has been running the company as CEO since 1995. In 1976, Cho held the solo exhibition Design by Cho Youngjae: DECOMAS, through which he introduced the term “Design Coordination as a Management Strategy” (DECOMAS) imported from Japan. In June 1982, he became the chairperson of the design department of the Seoul Olympic Organizing Committee and designed the official Olympic poster and other sports posters.
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