The eighteenth National Art Exhibition, Image provided by National Archives of Korea.
Gyeongbokgung Palace Museum
* Source: Multilingual Glossary of Korean Art. Korea Arts Management Service
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National Art Exhibition
A government-hosted exhibition held 30 times from 1949 to 1981, also known by the shorter name Gukjeon. Following national independence, the exhibition was the primary means for young and emergent Korean artists to achieve recognition. The influence of the exhibition declined as a result of the emergence of non-figurative art during the 1970s, the increased opportunities for artists to participate in overseas exhibitions, and the rise of private exhibitions and galleries.
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The Family of Man
The Family of Man was a photography exhibition which celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Museum of Modern Art, New York from January to May 1955. Edward Steichen, a director of the museum’s photography department since 1947, organized the exhibition. It was composed of 503 items by 273 artists from 68 countries. After its initial showing, the exhibition toured the world. In Korea, the exhibition was held at the Gyeongbokgung Palace Museum from April 3 to 28, 1957. The exhibition portrayed the diverse lives of people around the world attempting to portray mankind as a single family, and promote greater humanist faith in mankind. The press and art critics, however, criticized the exhibition for its overemphasis on sentimentalism and popular taste, and its exclusion of the harshness of reality.
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National Folk Museum of Korea
The National Folk Museum of Korea is located within the precincts of Gyeongbokgung Palace on Samcheong-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul. Its predecessor was the National Museum of Ethnology (first director Song Seokha) established on November 8, 1945 at 2 Yejang-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul. In December 1950, it was absorbed into the Namsan branch of the National Museum, and then on October 4, 1966 it was moved to Sujeongjeon Hall at Gyeongbokgung Palace and opened as the Korean Folk Pavilion under the administration of Bureau of Cultural Property. On June 15, 1973, it acquired the building of the National Museum of Modern Art, Korea (now MMCA) within the precincts of Gyeongbokgung Palace and opened as the Korean Folk Museum on April 11, 1975. It was reorganized as the National Folk Museum of Korea on October 30, 1992 and moved to its current location on February 17, 1993. The National Folk Museum of Korea aims to pass on folk culture and publicize Korean culture to the world by collecting, researching, preserving, and exhibiting traditional, modern, and contemporary folk cultural items. It houses more than 140,000 artifacts (as of 2022), including nationally designated cultural heritage items such as Portrait of Three Jo Brothers (treasure, designated in 2006), Old and New Celestial Charts (treasure, designated in 2001), Gyeongjinnyeon daetongnyeok (Calendar of Gyeongjin Year) (treasure, designated in 2001). Since 2000, it has supported the installation of Korean rooms in overseas museums and cultural centers and has run training programs for foreign museum professionals.
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National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Korea (MMCA)
A national museum established in 1969 that researches, collects, and exhibits modern and contemporary art. As of 2018, there are branches in Gwacheon, Deoksugung, Seoul, and Cheongju. When first established, the National Museum of Modern Art (now MMCA) was located within Gyeongbokgung palace. In 1973, the museum moved to the East Wing of the Deoksugung Seokjojeon building. Then, in 1986, the museum moved to its current location in Gwacheon, to occupy a new building equipped with an outdoor sculpture exhibition space, and has since opened a new chapter in Korean art. The perceived need for a space to focus specifically on Korean contemporary art led to the establishment of further site, the National Museum of Contemporary Art, Deoksugung in 1998. In November 2013, a further demand for contemporary art exhibitions led to the establishment of another Seoul branch being created in the Defense Security Command building in Sogyeok-dong, Jongno-gu, which has since its inception engaged in multifaceted exhibitions of both domestic and overseas contemporary art. Also, as a further component of the MMCA complex, a disused tobacco factory in Cheongju was remodeled to provide a home to the National Art Storage Center.
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