Kim Insoong, Listening, 1966, Oil on Canvas, 161.8×115.3cm. MMCA collection
Kim Insoong
* Source: Multilingual Glossary of Korean Art. Korea Arts Management Service
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Korean Art and Culture Association
An artist organization formed in June 1947. The chairman was Lee Qoede, and its membership comprised ex-members of the left-wing Korean Artist Federation (Joseon misulga dongmaeng): Lee Kyusang, Kim Insoong, Hong Ilpyo, Eom Doman, Kim Jaeseon, Son Eungsung, Lim Wangyu, Shin Honghyu, Park Youngseun, Cho Byungduk, Lee Bongsang, Lee Haesung, Nam Kwan, Lim Gunhong, Lee Insung, Park Seong-gyu, and Han Hongtaik. The founding of the association caused controversy. Because of its centrist political stance, both the left-wing Korean Art Alliance (Joseon misul dongmaeng) and the right-wing Korean Art Association (Joseon misul hyeophoe) levied criticism. Shortly after its founding, the Korean Art and Culture Association held its first exhibition at the Dong Hwa Gallery in August. The second, third and fourth exhibitions were held at the Dong Hwa Gallery as well: the second in April 1948, the third in November that same year, and the fourth in June 1949.
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Ewha Womans University
Ewha Womans University is a private university located in Daehyeon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul. Its parent institution was the College courses at Ewha Hakdang (Ewha Girl’s School), Korea’s first women’s school that the American missionary Mary Scranton founded in Jeong-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul. During the Japanese colonial era, it became Ewha College that functioned as a relief vocational school. In 1945, it was accredited as Korea’s first university. In 1946, it was renamed the Ewha Womans University. The College of Art and Design at Ewha Womans University was the first four-year university institution specializing in fine arts in South Korea. In October 1945, the Ewha Womans University had Hallimwon, Yerimwon, and Haengnimwon. Yerimwon was like an art college with a fine arts department and a music department. In 1946, the art department in Yerimwon was reorganized into the School of Fine Arts, and in September 1947 four major departments of Eastern-style painting, Western-style painting, embroidery, and design were established in the School of Fine Arts at Yerimwon. In October 1949, the graduation exhibition Nongmihoe of the first class was held at Daewon Gallery through the sponsorship of the Kyunghyang Shinmun newspaper company. In December 1951, the Department of Fine Arts in the College of Art came to be equipped with eight majors of Eastern painting, Western painting, sculpture, embroidery, design, photography, interior design, and dyeing. The Department of Fine Arts was installed in the graduate school as well. In 1967, the Department of Painting was divided into Eastern painting and Western painting departments, and the Department of Decorative Art was newly established. The school system, reformed in March 1998. It consists of three faculties and nine majors: School of Fine Arts (Korean painting, painting · printmaking, and sculpture), School of Design (environmental design, visual communication design, industrial design, and fashion design), and School of Crafts (textile art and ceramic art). Currently, the College of Art and Design consists of the Fine Art Division, Design Division, and Fiber/Fashion Division.
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Kim Kyongseung
Kim Kyongseung (1915-1992, pen name Tanwol) was born in Kaesong, Gyeonggi-do in 1915. At Songdo High School, he learned drawing from Hwang Suljo, who had graduated from the Western painting department at Tokyo School of Fine Arts. Kim desired to become the Michelangelo of Korea. After graduating in 1933, he pursued his dream in Japan by attending Kawabata Art School, following in the footsteps of his older brother Kim Insoong. He studied drawing and entered the department of sculpture and casting at Tokyo School of Fine Arts in 1934. In 1939, he graduated from Tokyo School of Fine Arts and participated in the Joseon Art Exhibition. After independence, he contributed his work to the National Art Exhibitions (Gukjeon) and taught as a professor at Hongik University and Ewha Womans University. His work A Boy, which represents “the sophisticated mind of a boy” is considered as one of the most important works of modern Korean portraiture created during the 1940s. His works varied from figure paintings, such as A Pied Piper Boy and Spring Dream, to statues and sculptures created to support social and educational purposes; he created a variety of statues, including Sejong the Great (1968), April 19th Memorial Tower, General MacArthur, Baekbeom Kim Gu at Namsan Mountain, Dr. Kim Helen, and Monument for Korean War. His works used detailed, representative, and photo-realistic facial expressions and stereoscopic details of form to present heroic images of the subjects in question.
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Lee Bongsang
Lee Bongsang (1916-1970, pen name Seokjeong) graduated from the Training Department at Gyeongseong Normal School in 1937. Self-taught in painting, Lee received his first honorable mention at the eighth Joseon Art Exhibition [Joseon misul jeollamhoe] in 1929 at the age of thirteen. He went on to receive honorable mentions and win special prizes, coming to prominence as a painter. He later moved to Japan and during his stay there his work was selected for the Ministry of Education Art Exhibition [Monbusho bijutsu tenrankai]. In 1942, together with Japanese artists active in Seoul, he founded the artist group named Changnyongsa. After Korea’s liberation from Japan, Lee participated in the founding of several artists’ groups, such as the 1950 Art Association, Gijojeon, Sinsanghoe, and Gusanghoe. He was also at the forefront of fostering later generations through the compilation of textbooks and criticism. His early works reflected impressionist realism. In the 1950s, however, he turned to a painting style characterized by bold compositions, bright colors, and a rough brushwork, which he developed through his association with Kim Whanki, Yoo Youngkuk, Kim Byungki, and Park Kosuk. From 1953 he worked as a professor at Hongik University, and from the year 1954 he was invited to participate in the National Art Exhibition (Gukjeon) as a recommended artist, invited artist, and judge.
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