Second National Art Exhibition (Gukjeon) Brochure, 1953, MMCA Art Research Center Collection
National Art Exhibition
* Source: Multilingual Glossary of Korean Art. Korea Arts Management Service
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JoongAng Fine Arts Prize
JoongAng Fine Arts Prize was launched by the JoongAng Ilbo newspaper company in 1978. Along with the Dong-A Art Festival initiated by the Dong-A Ilbo newspaper company and the Dong-A Broadcasting System in the same year, it was one of the two leading private exhibitions. It began with a goal to overcome the irregularities of the National Art Exhibition (Daehanminguk misul jeollamhoe or Gukjeon), discover new talents, and encourage diverse creations. The JoongAng Fine Arts Prize was run mainly in the form of competitions and invitational exhibitions, but the invitational exhibitions ran only for four rounds and was discontinued. As the Gukjeon was abolished in 1981, the JoongAng Fine Arts Prize came to be firmly established as a gateway for young artists alongside the Dong-A Art Festival. Under the influence of the Gwangju Biennale that started in 1995, it was renamed the JoongAng Biennale. However, two years later in 1997, it reverted to the JoongAng Fine Arts Prize. As channels through which artists debuted became diversified in the 1990s onwards, its status as a gateway for young artists gradually weakened. Starting in 2005, it attempted to make changes by providing selected artists with production expenses and a space for exhibiting their completed works. Nevertheless, it ended up being discontinued with the thirty-eighth edition held in 2016 as the last exhibition.
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Grand Art Exhibition of Korea
The Grand Art Exhibition of Korea [Daehanminguk misul Daejeon] is an arts contest hosted by the Korean Fine Arts Association. National Art Exhibition (Gukjeon), which had been held from 1949 through 1981, was transferred to the private sector and renamed the “Grand Art Exhibition of Korea.” During its transitional period from 1982 through 1985, the Grand Art Exhibition of Korea was run by the Korea Culture and Arts Foundation, a semi-governmental organization. Starting in 1986, the Korean Fine Arts Association hosted the exhibition with support for the operating budget from Arts Council Korea. It had been held with five sections: Korean painting, Western painting, sculpture, crafts, and calligraphy (including the Four Gentlemen). In 1986, its crafts section was separated from the Grand Art Exhibition of Korea and established as the Grand Craft Exhibition of Korea, and in 1989 the calligraphy section was separately installed as the Grand Calligraphy Exhibition of Korea. At the same time, a printmaking section was newly established in the Grand Art Exhibition of Korea. From 1993 onward, due to the increase in entries and lack of exhibition space, the Grand Art Exhibition of Korea was divided into two parts: a spring exhibition on non-figurative art and a fall exhibition on figurative art. It played an instrumental role in establishing the terms “Eastern painting” as “hangukhwa (Korean painting)” and “Western painting” as “yanghwa (Western style painting).”
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